■動詞を目的語として藹??る時
to不定詞=まだできていない事を表す、未来藹??向、個別的事例
ing動名詞=簡単にできる事を表す、驕?去思考、一般的事例
S V O to不定詞はある、S V O doingしか駄目なものもある(enjoy/dislike等)
■不定詞(infinitive:インフィニティブ)と動名詞(gerund:ジェランド)で諢?味が変繧?る
不定詞と動名詞の両方を目的語にとり、諢?味も同じになる動詞は、attempt, begin, bother, cannot bear, cease, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, startなど臀??般的
不定詞と動名詞の両方を目的語にとることができるが諢?味が異なる動詞は、stop, forget, remember, regret, tryなど特觸??
I forgot making dinner. 縲?私は饅??事を作ったことを忘れてた縲?
I forgot to make dinner. 縲?私は饅??事を作るの藹??れてた縲?
I remember meeting Tom. 縲?私はトムに臀??ったことを覚えている縲?
Remember to Tom tonight. 縲?今晩、トムに臀??うのを覚えていて縺?ださい縲?
I regret leaving my home. 縲?私は家を出たことを後悔している縲?
I regret to leave my home. 縲?残念ながら私は家を出なければならない縲?
He tried opening the door. 縲?彼は、ためにしドアを開けてみた縲?
He tried to open the door. 縲?彼は、ドアを開けようとした(実際にしたかどうかは臀??譏?)縲?
need to check 調べる必要がある
need checking 調べられる必要がある=need to be checked
Go on to read. ~し始める
Go on reading. ~し続ける
I stopped to smoke. ~するために軆??ち止まる
I stopped smoking. ~することを止める
■動名詞しか藹??らない動詞
// 通蟶?considerは動名詞のみ藹??る
We have to consider delaying our trip. 旅行延期を考慮する必要がある
We have to consider to delay our travel. (×間違い)長期旅行を延期するために、(何かを)考慮する必要がある(to不定詞の場合は目的語が不雜?)
// Suggest縺?SVOO文型がないので鐔??注意(動名詞を藹??る、あるい縺?that)
Some doctors suggest drinking milk for ulcers. 通蟶?suggestは動名詞のみ藹??る
I suggested to him that we should join the party. あるい縺?that
(×間違い)I suggested to him to wear warmer clothes. (私は彼にもっと暖かい服を着るように勧めた)
// 動詞によりS V O to不定詞もある?調査藹??要
動詞例)advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, help, invite, mean, order, permit, persuade, recommend, remind, teach, tell, want, warn, would hate, would like, would love, would prefer
I recommend that you read the book.
She recommended the restaurant to me.
///////////////
//覚えたいリスト
///////////////
admit doing
advise doing
allow doing
appreciate doing
avoid doing
complete doing
consider doing
delay doing
deny doing
detest doing (諞?む)
dislike doing
enjoy doing
escape doing
finish doing
forbid doing
give up doing
help doing
can't help doing
imagine doing
imply doing
keep doing
mind doing
miss doing
permit doing
practice = practise doing
put off = postpone doing
quit doing
recall doing (思い出す)
recommend doing
repeat doing
resist doing
resume doing
stop doing
suggest doing
//フルリスト?
abandon, abhor, abolish, abominate, accept, accompany, admire, admit, adore, advise, advocate, allow, anticipate, appreciate, attend, attribute, avoid, back, ban, bar, begrudge, break off, cannot help, (~せずにはおれない) celebrate, cherish, commemorate, commend, compare, complete, conceal, condone, connote, contemplate, countenance, criticize, curse, cut out, debate, defend, defer, delay, denote, deny, deplore, deprecate, despair, despise, detest, disclaim, discontinue, discountenance, discuss, disguise, dislike, dispute, disregard, dodge, drop, eliminate, emphasize, end, endanger, endorese, enjoy, ensure, entail, envisage(= to picture in the mind as a future possibility; imagine), envy, grudge, escape, excuse, explain, face, facilitate, fancy, favour, finish, forbid, foreshadow, forfeit, forgive, forsee, forswear, funk =(avoid because of fear),
give over, give up, glorify, ignore, imitate, impede, imply, include, intimate, involve, justify, knock off, lay off, legitimize, loathe, mention, mind, miss, necessitate, obviate, oppose, organize, overlook, overprize, overrule, overshadow, pardon, permit, picture, postpone=put off, practice, praise, precipitate, preclude, predict, prescribe, prevent, prize, prohibit, query, question, quit, recall, recollect, record, recount, rectify, register, reject, relish, repent, repent, report, represent, represent, resent, resist, resume, resume, ridicule, ridicule, risk, risk, rule out, sacrifice, sacrifice, sanction, save, shirk, shun, signify, simulate, skip, spoil, square, stand, stop=quit=leave off, stress, study, substantiate, suggest, support, survive, tolerate, treat, undervalue, value, veto, view, visualize, welcome (= receive the idea of ...), withstand
//動名詞を藹??る前置鐔??付きの動詞
accuse of, adjust to, agree with, apologize for, approve of, ask about, ask for, begin by, believe in, be used to, blame for, care for, carry on, complain about, concentrate on, congratulate on, consist of, cope with, decide against, decide for, depend on, die of, dream about / of, escape from, feel like, forgive for, give up, insist on, keep on, look forward to, object to, pay for, prevent sb. from, protect from, put off, rely on, spend money on, spend time on, succeed in, suspect of, take part in, talk about / of, thank for, think of, use for, warn against, worry about
■不定詞しか目的語にとらない動詞
afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, attempt, be determined, beg, care, choose, claim, condescend, consent, dare (藹??形臀??定詞も藹??る), decide, demand, deserve, determine, endeavour, expect, fail, guarantee, happen, have, help (藹??形臀??定詞も藹??る), hesitate, hope, learn, long, manage, mean, need (藹??形臀??定詞も藹??る), neglect, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, proceed, promise, refuse, resolve, seem, stop, swear, tend, threaten, trouble, undertake, used, volunteer, vow, want, wish, would hate, would like, would love, would prefer
■動名詞・分詞の表軆??
it goes without saying that s v sがvするのは鐔??うまでも無い
busy doing するのに藹??しい
spend time/money doing するのに時間/お金を使う
have trouble/difficulty doing するのに苦労する
feel like doing したい気がする
it is no use doing しても無饅??である
worth doing する価値がある
■知鐔??動詞 + O + do/doing/done
to不定詞を藹??らない
知鐔??動詞+目的語+藹??形臀??定詞の場合
I saw the girl cross the street. 私は女の藹??が通りを横切るのを見ました(終了した動作)
知鐔??動詞+目的語+現在分詞の場合
I saw the girl crossing the street.私は女の藹??が通りを横切っているのを見ました(進鐔??中の動作)
知鐔??動詞+目的語+驕?去分詞の場合
I saw the girl crossed the street.私は女の藹??が通りを横切ったのを見ました(完了や藹??動を表す)
//目的格鐔??語に藹??形臀??定詞を用いるも縺? I felt my fear rise.
feel
notice
see
look at
watch
observe
hear
listen to
//目的格鐔??語に現在分詞を用いるも縺? I heard a bird singing.
feel
perceive
notice
imagine
see
look at
watch
observe
catch
find
discover
hear
listen to
smell
//目的格鐔??語に驕?去分詞を用いるも縺? I heard my name called.
feel
see
find
discover
hear
■使役動詞 + 莠? + do/done
let / make / have / get(get 莠? to do) / help(help 莠? to doでも同じ諢?味・??
let+目的語+藹??形臀??定詞(本人の藹??望に藹??じて・??をさせる) He doesn't let her drive.
make+目的語+藹??形臀??定詞(強制的に・??をさせる) What made you think so ?
make+目的語+形容詞 The news made me happy.
make+目的語+驕?去分詞 I made myself understood in English.
have+目的語+藹??形臀??定詞 We had him report.
have+目的語+驕?去分詞 I had my hair cut.(私は髪を切ってもらいました)
get+目的語+to不定詞 We got the doctor to come.(私たちは医者に来てもらった)
get+目的語+驕?去分詞 I got my shoes polished.(私は靴を磨いてもらいました)
help+目的語+藹??形臀??定詞(to不定詞)She helped her mother water the garden.
■Subject-Verb Agreement
主鐔??と動詞の臀??致・??三単現、諢?味臀??で主語が三単現かどうかで動詞縺?sを付けるかどうか判断していることが下記URLから分かる
Subject-Verb Agreement | Grammar Rules and Examples (grammarbook.com)
三単現縺?s(The s in the third person singular present tense)
A monkey never cramps.
neverは頻度をあら繧?す副鐔??なので否藹??の諢?味であっても、な縺?ても成り立つ自軆??語で臀??単現縺?sが付縺?
■不隕?則変化動詞
arise arose arisen
be was, were been
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet bet
bite bit bitten
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
do did done
draw drew drawn
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fit fit fit
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
get got got, gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
pay paid paid
put put put
quit quit, quitted quit, quitted
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
saw sawed sawn, sawed
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
sew sewed sewn, sewed
shake shook shaken
shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shrink shrank shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
split split split
spread spread spread
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
swear swore sworn
swim swam swum
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
understand understood understood
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
weave wove woven
win won won
withdraw withdrew withdrawn
withhold withheld withdrawn
withstand withstood withstood
write wrote written
undertake undertook undertaken
その中で重要なヤツ
https://note.com/evinet_biz/n/nc2aa819f6782
■英鐔??で臀??と鐔??う?
三単現縺?s(The s in the third person singular present tense)
現在分詞-ing(present participle)
驕?去分詞(past participle)パーティスィポ繝?
動名詞(gerund)ジェランド
不定詞(infinitive)インフィニティブ
現在形(Simple Present)
現在進鐔??蠖? (present continuous tense / present progressive form)
現在藹??了蠖? (Present Perfect Tense)
驕?去蠖?(simple past)
驕?去完了蠖?(Past Perfect Tense)
驕?去完了進鐔??形・??Past Perfect Continuous Tense)
未来形(Simple Future)
未来進鐔??蠖?(future continuous tense)
未来藹??了進鐔??蠖?(future perfect continuous)


