副詞節の接続詞と主語が省略される、先頭の動詞が分詞化(be動詞、受動態のbeingが省略）
> 副文は省略しまくりたい
> 接続詞は言わなくてもわかる、主語は主文と同じ前提
> 補足的に適当にくっつけた何となくつながりが良い感じで足すゆるーい感覚でチャラい文

分詞構文はどこでも置ける、分としては3パターンと言える（-ingで修飾）
1) -ing SV　Taking her age into consideration, she shouldn't be left at home by herself.
2) S -ing V　Armstrong, being the first person to walk on the moon, is one of the most famous astronauts.
3) SV -ing　The bee flew from one flower to another collecting pollen.

■構成
As I was hit by him, I was very angry.
↓　分詞構文（副詞節の接続詞と主語が省略）
Being hit by him, I was very angry.
↓　受動態beingの省略された形の分詞構文
Hit by him, I was very angry.

※主文の時制より過去を表すならHaving PP
Having failed several times on it, he succeeded finally. (＝After he had failed)

■省略されている接続詞は4パターン
１）時を表す接続詞：「…する時」という意味の when 、「…する後」という意味の after、「…する前」という意味の before
Seeing the drawings, I recalled my childhood. (＝When I saw)

２）理由を表す接続詞：「…なので」という意味の as
(Being)Tired, I went to bed at the time.(＝As I was tired)
(Being)Written in easy English, the book will be read by many people.(＝As the book is written)

３）条件を表す接続詞：「もし…ならば」という意味の if
Turning to the left at the corner, you will find the building.(＝If you turn)
The same thing, happening (＝if it should happen) in my city, would go crazy.

４）譲歩を表す接続詞：「…だけれども」という意味の though
Accepting your feedback, I still think you cannot express enough.(＝Although I accept)
Living near my neighbor, he seldom comes to see me.(＝Though he lives)

---

５）結果を表す接続詞：「…そして」という意味の and
The storm hit the area, causing (＝and it caused) great damage.
Foreigners are active in the Japanese stock market, owning (＝and they own) more than 20 percent of the shares.

６）付帯状況：「 ～しながら」
Smiling brightly, he extended his hand to me.
A jet flew up into the air, making a great noise.

７）独立分詞構文
分詞の意味上の主語が主節の主語と異なる場合、それは省略されない
My bag stolen, I couldn't go there.
It being fine tomorrow, I will go hiking.
There being no objection, they ended the meeting early. (Thereは省略できない)

８）接続詞を残すパターン
分詞構文の意味を鮮明にするために、分詞の前に接続詞を置くこともある
Though living next door, I seldom see him.(＝Though I live)
While having lunch, we used to talk about sports.(＝While we were having)

※beingも省略可で形容詞で始まる場合も
　(being) discovered, the fossiles are being examined by the team.
　(being) Confident that he was the most qualified of all the candidates, ABC hired him as the new chief editor.
　ABCが自信をもって採用した
否定は Not knowing what to do, I telephoned Frank.　何すればわからなかったので電話した
according to, during等は分詞構文から前置詞になっている、Frankly speakingとかは慣用句に